I'm building a custom lift for my partner's power wheelchair using a hitch-mounted crane, which currently operates with a manual hydraulic jack. Since off-the-shelf solutions don't fit our Ford Maverick, I'm replacing the manual system with a linear actuator powered by the truck's battery. I'm completely new to electronics and don't want to go into debt for a new vehicle, so I'm hoping for some guidance.
I've previously installed a 50 amp circuit breaker between the battery and another lift and used 12 gauge wire for that. Now, I've bought this crane with a capacity of 1,000 lbs, and I want to convert it to electric. The chair weighs under 400 lbs, so I think this heavy-duty linear actuator could work: it can handle 8,000N/1,700 lbs with a 12" stroke.
However, I'm confused about the wiring. I've seen controllers with max loads ranging from 8 to 30 amps—should I wire the actuator directly to the battery, or do I need a different circuit breaker? What gauge wire should I use? I don't mind whether the control is remote or manual, as long as it moves up and down.
2 Answers
It sounds like a cool project! However, a linear actuator might not be the best fit for your lift due to the specific pressure and leverage involved. You might want to look into a 12V hydraulic pump instead, which is commonly used for pickup truck lift gates. It'll provide more consistent force for lifting heavy loads. Just my two cents!
If you're set on using that linear actuator, make sure to check the amp ratings carefully. Generally, you should wire it through a circuit breaker that matches the actuator’s max load—I'd suggest erring on the higher side for safety. For wiring, a good rule of thumb is to use at least 10 gauge wire to handle the current without overheating. Good luck with your build!