Should I cut back this recovering pothos, or leave it alone?

I’d give it a little time while it’s starting to grow again. A bare vine isn’t automatically a problem for the plant, and waiting lets you see how much growth it puts out before making a bigger cut. Keep the light steady and be careful not to overwater while there are few leaves.

Propagating is a reasonable option if you want a fuller-looking pot. You can cut the bare vine into sections with a node on each piece and try rooting them. Leafless sections may take longer, and not every piece is guaranteed to grow, but rooted cuttings can go back into the same pot.

I’d do a bit of both: keep the healthy new growth and trim away as much of the awkward bare length as you don’t want. The empty stretches won’t fill in with leaves, though a node on the remaining vine may send out a new shoot. It’s partly a looks decision, so there’s no need to cut it all at once.