I'm considering using a full-size electric vehicle (EV) battery pack, specifically lithium iron phosphate (LFP) type, for home energy storage. I'm looking for something with a capacity over 80 kWh and a compatible 400-volt inverter, along with a smart panel for load management. My main concern is understanding the legal codes and regulations that apply in California. I've heard that batteries with a capacity above 20 kWh must adhere to commercial energy storage fire and electrical codes. Is this true, and what exactly do those codes entail? I've also planned for an outdoor enclosure for safety, complete with high internal heat resistance and emergency systems, but I want to make sure I'm compliant with the law.
3 Answers
From what I found last year, there might be a limitation of 80 kWh for home use, and if you want it in a garage, you'll need protective measures. It seems like batteries have to be placed outside if they're over 40 kWh. Companies like RUIXU and EG4 are selling batteries that meet California safety standards, so they might be worth looking into for compliance.
You're right to think about safety! It's generally not a good idea to try to fight a fire caused by lithium batteries—they're tough to extinguish once they start. That's why many regulations recommend placing them outside or in non-critical areas, away from exits.
You'll likely run into issues getting inspections because EV packs don't usually have the right UL listings for home energy storage systems. So, going this route might be tricky legally. While it's great to repurpose EV batteries, just keep in mind it may not fly with your local inspectors or your home insurance provider.
Exactly! LFP batteries are more stable, but when they do catch fire, it's best to just get out of the way.